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Fritz London : ウィキペディア英語版 | Fritz London
Fritz Wolfgang London (March 7, 1900 – March 30, 1954) was a German-born American physicist and professor at Duke University. His fundamental contributions to the theories of chemical bonding and of intermolecular forces (London dispersion forces) are today considered classic and are discussed in standard textbooks of physical chemistry. With his brother Heinz London, he made a significant contribution to understanding electromagnetic properties of superconductors with the London equations and was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry on five separate occasions. ==Biography== London was born in Breslau, Germany (now Wrocław, Poland) in 1900 as the son of Franz London (1863-1917). Being from a Jewish family, London lost his position at the University of Berlin after Hitler's Nazi Party passed the 1933 racial laws. He took visiting positions in England and France, and eventually emigrated to the United States in 1939. In 1945, he became a naturalized citizen. London was in his later life a professor at Duke University. He was awarded the Lorentz Medal in 1953. He died in Durham, North Carolina in 1954.
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